Pump failure, causes and solutions

1. Fault: The pump is not absorbing water, and the pressure gauge is vibrating violently.

Reason: Insufficient water supply during priming. Air is trapped in the pump. Leaks exist in the hoses and tubes.

Solution: Fill the pump with water using an irrigation foot. Inspect all piping for leaks and ensure airtight connections. Proper priming is essential to avoid air locks.

2. Fault: The vacuum gauge shows a high vacuum level, but the pump still fails to draw water.

Reason: The foot valve is stuck or heavily clogged. Excessive resistance in the suction pipe. The suction height is too high.

Solution: Check the flexibility of the foot valve and clean or replace it if necessary. Simplify the suction piping to reduce resistance. Lower the pump’s installation height if possible.

3. Fault: The pressure gauge indicates pressure, but the pump delivers little or no water.

Reason: High resistance in the discharge pipe. Motor rotation direction is incorrect. Impeller is clogged. Pump speed is below rated value.

Solution: Reduce resistance in the discharge line by checking for blockages or kinks. Confirm motor rotation direction. Clear impeller obstructions. Ensure the pump is operating at the correct speed as specified on the nameplate.

4. Fault: Flow rate is lower than the design specification.

Reason: Impeller is clogged. Seal ring clearance is excessive. Pump speed is insufficient.

Solution: Remove any debris from the impeller. Replace the seal ring if worn. Adjust the speed to match the rated value on the pump’s nameplate. Regular maintenance can prevent such issues.

5. Fault: Pump power consumption is excessively high.

Reason: Packing is too tight, causing friction. Overheating in the packing area. Impeller wear. Excessive water supply to the pump.

Solution: Loosen the packing gland slightly. Replace the impeller if worn. Adjust the gate valve to control the flow and reduce load on the motor.

6. Fault: Abnormal noise is heard, and the pump fails to draw water.

Reason: High resistance in the suction pipe. Excessive suction height. Air is entering the suction line. The temperature of the liquid being pumped is too high.

Solution: Inspect the suction pipe for blockages. Clean the foot valve. If the liquid temperature is too high, consider cooling it or lowering the suction height to improve performance.

7. Fault: Pump vibration is observed.

Reason: Misalignment between the pump and motor shafts. Imbalance in the impeller. Excessive bearing clearance.

Solution: Align the pump and motor shafts properly. Perform a balance test on the impeller, ensuring that unbalanced weight does not exceed 3 grams. Replace worn bearings to restore smooth operation.

8. Fault: Bearings are overheating.

Reason: Insufficient lubrication or oil viscosity is too high, affecting lubrication. Bearing wear has caused excessive clearance. Misalignment between the pump and motor.

Solution: Add proper lubricant or use oil with lower viscosity for better performance. Replace worn bearings. Ensure the pump and motor are aligned correctly to maintain concentricity.

9. Fault: Unusual noise is generated from the pump.

Reason: Improper alignment between the pump and motor. Worn bearings in the pump or motor cause knocking sounds.

Solution: Adjust the alignment of the pump and motor to ensure they are concentric. Replace worn bearings to eliminate noise and prevent further damage.

Regular maintenance, proper installation, and timely troubleshooting are crucial for optimal pump performance and longevity. Always follow manufacturer guidelines and safety procedures when performing repairs or adjustments.

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