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The new generation of domestic mercury intrusion instrument came out
The current testing equipment and methodologies for analyzing the microporous structure of reservoir caprock samples, both domestically and internationally, are insufficient to fully capture the complexity of such structures. To address this challenge, the Wuxi Petroleum Geology Institute, part of the Petroleum Exploration and Development Research Institute, has developed a new generation of pore structure instrument known as the Pressure Mercury Meter. When combined with gas adsorption specific surface meters, this advanced device enables the acquisition of a tight and smooth capillary pressure curve for reservoir caprocks, significantly enhancing the accuracy and reliability of micropore structure analysis. The introduction of these new testing technologies is expected to play a crucial role in advancing the research and evaluation of reservoir caprocks.
At the end of the 20th century, researchers at the Wuxi Institute of Geology recognized the limitations of imported mercury intrusion instruments, which were costly, difficult to maintain, and provided incomplete data. In response, they developed the WX-2000 pore structure instrument, which was further improved to be more compatible with the ST-2000 type surface area and pore size analyzer. Through extensive testing, scientists selected representative rock samples and simulated formation conditions to measure breakthrough pressure directly using gas-driven saturated water samples. By combining this with full micropore analysis, they were able to generate accurate capillary pressure curves and pore size distribution maps, revealing general patterns for determining breakthrough pressure. These experimental results demonstrated that the method is more realistic and reliable than previous approaches.
Caprock studies are essential in modern oil and gas geology, and micropore structure analysis remains the primary method for evaluating caprocks. Currently, the main techniques used worldwide are mercury intrusion and gas adsorption methods. However, while imported mercury intrusion devices offer high working pressures and low measurable porosity, they often fail to provide satisfactory results for natural gas caprocks. Domestic instruments, on the other hand, suffer from lower working pressures, leading to incomplete pore structure analysis. Over the years, it has become clear that neither mercury intrusion nor gas adsorption alone can fully characterize the micropores of caprock samples.
With the increasing focus on natural gas exploration, the importance of caprock research and evaluation has grown. To improve testing capabilities, the Wuxi Petroleum Geology Research Institute began studying caprocks as early as 1984. Starting with micro-pore structure analysis, they established a gas adsorption method for determining caprock pore structure. In 1990, they introduced a combined approach using both mercury intrusion and gas adsorption to compensate for the limitations of domestic equipment.
The new generation WX-2000 pore structure instrument offers three key advantages over similar instruments globally:
1. A specially designed capacitance volume measurement system allows the instrument to operate at up to 200 MPa, with a mercury volume range of 0–6 ml and a resolution of less than 1 microliter. This enables continuous testing and provides a complete mercury capillary pressure curve, overcoming the limitations of traditional mercury intrusion meters that separate negative and positive pressure measurements and cannot accurately capture vacuum decompression effects.
2. A vacuum-purified isobaric mercury filling system ensures precise control of static pressure (within 10 mmHg) during mercury filling, improving the accuracy of measuring larger pores. It also purifies the mercury through vacuum, ensuring cleaner mercury entry into the core chamber and measurement system.
3. A unique mercury volume measurement system is designed to eliminate interference from valve stem-seal gaps, enhancing the stability of the baseline measurement values and improving overall measurement consistency.
These innovations make the WX-2000 a powerful tool for detailed and accurate micropore structure analysis, supporting more effective reservoir caprock evaluation.