Plant protection machinery purchase common sense

First, classification

Plant protection machinery generally refers to equipment that sprays chemical agents, including backpack sprayers, backpack-type electric sprayers, backpack sprayers, plant protection machinery pumps, power sprayers, boom sprayers, foggers, and air blowers. Sprayer and other major products.

Knapsack sprayer - The operator who carries the load, uses a lever to drive a liquid pump (usually a piston pump or a Diaphragm Pump) by hand to spray the liquid through the hydraulic spray head.

Knapsack Type Electric Sprayer - The equipment that the operator carries and uses the battery as the energy source to drive the micro DC motor to drive the micro liquid pump (usually a diaphragm pump and composes with the motor) to perform the hydraulic spray.

Knapsack-type spray duster – a tool that is carried by the operator and that uses a small gasoline engine to drive a spray of air or powder from a high-speed centrifugal fan.

Plant Protection Machinery Pumps - The liquid pumps used to deliver liquid chemicals on motorized spray equipment are usually piston pumps, piston pumps and diaphragm pumps. The working pressure is generally 2-4 MPa and the flow rate is 20-200 L/min.

Power Sprayer - A spray tool that generates a high-pressure fluid flow from an injection engine (usually a column, piston, or diaphragm pump) through an injection unit (spray gun or hand-held multi-head boom). According to the rack type or carrying method, it can be divided into stretcher type, cart type, backpack type, vehicle type and portable type. Its main components are the internal combustion engine, the liquid pump, the injection components and the liquid tank. Stretcher-type and portable power sprayers do not come with a liquid tank.

Boom Sprayer - A sprayer that sprays with a horizontal spray bar equipped with several spray heads. Its main working parts are liquid medicine tanks, liquid pumps, booms, sprinklers, pressure regulators and control valves. During the work, the power output shaft of the tractor drives the liquid pump, and the liquid medicine in the liquid medicine tank is sent to the spray bar through the control valve and the infusion tube at a certain pressure, and is sprayed out through the spray nozzle.

Fog machine - A spray tool that atomizes liquid chemicals into aerosol mist particles and spreads them. The fog machine is divided into a thermal fogger and a normal temperature fogger according to the principle of atomization. The thermal fogger utilizes exhaust heat energy discharged from the exhaust pipe of an internal combustion engine to cause oil pesticides to evaporate and crack in the atomizing pipe to form smoke. The normal temperature fogger uses the pressure of the compressed air generated by the air compressor to atomize the liquid and mix it with the high speed airstream to form smoke at room temperature.

Air-fed sprayer - a high-speed air flow generated by the fan to atomize the liquid or auxiliary atomized liquid, and spray the liquid spray equipment. During operation, the internal combustion engine or the motor drives the fan and the liquid pump. The liquid pump sends the liquid medicine in the liquid medicine tank to a plurality of spray nozzles on the spray tube with a certain pressure. The liquid sprayed by the spray head is further atomized into fine droplets under the action of the high-speed air flow and is directed to the target.

Second, buy

1. Understand the characteristics and locations of the pests and diseases of the control subjects. For example, to understand the disease, insects on the plant or the site of harm, the dosage form, physical properties and dosage of the use of agents, spraying operations, spray is constant, low or very low, etc., in order to select the type of plant protection machinery.

2. Understand the natural conditions in the field of control operations and the adaptability of the plant protection machinery used. For example, the leveling and planning of the plots are plains or hills, dry farming or water plants, the size of fruit trees and gaps between trees, crop spacing, considering the adaptability of the selected implements in the field operations and operation, and in the fruit trees Inter-pass performance.

3, understand the cultivation and growth of crops. For example, the plant height and density of the crop, the spraying is at the seedling stage, or in the middle and later stages, the site and density of the required medicinal coverage, the height and size of the canopy of the fruit tree, and the performance of the spraying (scattering) component of the selected plant protection machinery should be sufficient. Control requirements.

4. Understand the safety of selected plant protection machinery in operation. For example, there is no water leakage, leakage of drugs, pollution to the operator, do not produce phytotoxicity on the crop.

5、According to the business model and scale, the size of the control area and the required productivity, purchasing capacity and equipment operating expenses (pharmaceuticals, water, fuel or electricity, labor costs, etc.) to determine the purchasing ability of the selected equipment is selected The size of human machinery or power machinery and medical equipment.

6. If the spray machinery purchased is to be used for spraying herbicides, relevant accessories such as slit nozzles and drip-proof valve covers suitable for spraying herbicides need to be purchased.

7. After selecting a good model, you should check the packing list according to the packing list when you purchase it. The random technical documents, random accessories and accessories should be complete.

Third, use and maintenance

1. Make preparations before use. Read and understand the instruction manual of the purchased equipment and prepare rubber (or plastic) gloves and masks (or gas masks).

2, in strict accordance with the provisions of the instructions for the preparation of liquid medicine. Emulsion pesticides should first be added with clear water in the medicine box, then add the pesticide solution to the required concentration, and mix well and filter before use; the WP pesticide should be first transferred into a paste, and then add fresh water, stir and filter.

3, the correct use.

(1) Knapsack sprayer operation should first shake the rocker several times, so that the pressure in the air chamber reaches the working pressure, open the switch, shake the rocker while spraying. If you shake the rocker feel heavy, you can not exert excessive force, so as not to damage the air chamber. Generally, each time you walk 2 to 3 steps, you can move the rocker once, but you can't exceed 25 times per minute.

(2) The knapsack sprayer should first check the oil system and ignition system according to the relevant operation method of the gasoline engine, and then start it to ensure the normal operation of the gasoline engine. When spraying, the machine should be in a spray state. Before adding the liquid, spray with clean water once to check that there should be no leakage at the joints of the machine. The liquid must not be overfilled and cannot exceed the maximum water mark. Be sure to tighten the medicine lid after adding the medicine. After the machine is started, it should be idling for 2 to 3 minutes before adjusting the throttle switch so that the machine can reach the rated speed and then open the switch to spray. After the switch is turned on, it is forbidden to stop spraying at one place to prevent phytotoxicity to crops.

(3) When spraying, the operator's direction of travel should be perpendicular to the spraying direction to prevent the liquid agent from invading the operator. Nausea and dizziness should be stopped immediately during the operation.

(4) During the operation, smoking and eating are strictly prohibited to prevent poisoning. After the operation is completed, the operator should contact the liquid (exposed part) immediately with clean water and then wash with soap and water.

(5) All wounded, suckling or pregnant women, children, and the sick and sick are not suitable for spraying.

4, maintenance. After each use of the plant protection machinery, the residual liquid in the medicine box should be poured out, and a little clear water should be sprayed, and then the parts should be washed with fresh water. After cleaning, put it in a ventilated and dry place. When parking for a long period of time, anti-rust butter should also be applied to moving parts and non-plastic joints.