The Role of Germplasm Resources in the Conservation of Crop Seed Resources

Germplasm resources are the most fundamental material basis for human development and have strategic resources. With the continuous improvement of the level of science and technology, the promotion of a large number of new varieties, and the economic construction, the diversity of crop genetic resources is constantly being destroyed, and the number is huge.

Local endemic crops and varieties planted in many countries are also being replaced or lost by foreign crops and new varieties. As a result, the diversity of local endemic resources is reduced. The serious consequence is that it easily leads to the outbreak of pests and other natural disasters and causes agricultural losses. As in the case of foreign countries, the destruction and loss of China's crop genetic resources are also extremely serious. For this reason, governments and international organizations all pay attention to the collection and preservation of the diversity of crop genetic resources from a strategic perspective. The germplasm resource bank has an indispensable role in the preservation of the seed collection of crops.

First, we must pay attention to the construction of conservation facilities and the collection and preservation of resources. Establish a comprehensive system for the conservation and utilization of national crop germplasm, commit to the collection, conservation and use of germplasm resources and build a germplasm resource bank. With the prolongation of the storage time of germplasm and the dramatic increase in the number of germplasm, the safety of germplasm preservation has received increasing attention. It has been reported that germplasm storage in low-temperature storage is not a good thing. Some germplasms are stored for less than 15 years, and their germination rate has dropped below 10%. It has also been reported that up to 50% of the original germplasm samples have been lost after the original stored samples were updated. Therefore, on the basis of emphasizing germplasm preservation, the technology of safe preservation of genebanks, the in-situ preservation of vegetatively propagated crops and the ultra-low temperature long-term preservation technology have become the research hotspots.

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