Construction of mine ground engineering and utilization of permanent facilities

In general, the installation of temporary buildings and construction equipment is always more urgent, and construction and construction must be carried out first. However, when permanent buildings or equipment are used to serve mine construction, it also becomes a prerequisite for construction. Obviously, there are many benefits to using permanent buildings.
(1) Permanent equipment and facilities available during the construction period 1. The off-site projects available during the construction period include off-site roads, water supply, drainage, communication, 6kV transmission, substation engineering and hepatic field.
2. The on-site projects that can be used in the early stage of construction are dormitory, office, canteen, club, grease store, material warehouse, wood processing room, garage, machine repair plant, pressure blower room, etc. In the middle and late stages, the task can also be used to refer to the room, bathroom, lighting room, substation, gunpowder warehouse, boiler room and so on.
3. Available permanent structures include upper and lower water pipes, water towers or reservoirs, wall gates, well towers (or derricks), on-site lighting, and power line networks.
4. Available permanent equipment includes ground transmission and transformation equipment, pressure fans, hoists, underground power supply equipment, main drainage equipment and downhole hoists.
(B) the use of permanent buildings should pay attention to these issues 1. All use of permanent buildings and facilities design work needs to cooperate as much as possible, ahead of proposed construction plans,
the construction unit in advance to arrange infrastructure projects; construction unit construction well prepared in advance. Under normal circumstances, the building (construction) to be used for construction shall be arranged for the construction of the mine during construction or later, for the construction of the well.
2. The use of permanent structures (structures) and equipment will inevitably increase the amount of work during well preparation, so this must be reasonably arranged. For permanent buildings that are available, single-seat dormitories should be arranged as early as possible. The remaining dormitories, offices, canteens, clubs and auxiliary workshops can be constructed in phases.
3. The design of permanent structures (structures) does not consider the needs of the well construction period. Therefore, the structural stress performance and structural characteristics during the well construction should be checked, and the necessary fashion should consider its reinforcement and transformation work. In order not to damage the permanent building (construction) and equipment, the construction unit should contact the construction unit and the design unit in advance to make overall consideration and take into account both.
4. When using the permanent facilities, the construction unit should maintain and maintain the permanent facilities to avoid abnormal wear; an effective management system should be established and a reasonable lease contract should be agreed with the construction unit.
5. The construction sequence of permanent buildings (structures), especially the buildings near the wellhead, should fully consider the space required for the construction of the mine, avoid cross-operation as much as possible, and reduce the conflict to the lowest point.


Aluminum Motorcycle Engine block

Motorcycle engines work the same way that car engines do. They consist of pistons, a Cylinder Block and a head, which contains the valve train. The pistons move up and down in the cylinder block, driven by explosions of a fuel-air mixture that has been ignited by a spark. Valves open and close to allow the fuel-air mixture to enter the combustion chamber. As the pistons move up and down, they turn a crankshaft, which transforms the energy from the pistons into rotary motion. The rotational force of the crankshaft is transmitted, via the transmission , to the rear wheel of the motorcycle
Motorcycle engines are generally classified by one of three characteristics: the number of cylinders they possess, the capacity of their combustion chambers or the number of strokes in their power cycles.

wheel of the motorcycle.

Cylinders

Motorcycle engines can have between one and six cylinders. For years, the V-twin design was the engine of choice for motorcycle engineers in America, Europe and Japan. The V-twin gets its name from the fact that the two cylinders form a V shape, such as the classic    Harley-Davidson    V-twin shown below. Notice the 45-degree angle in the Harley-Davidson V-twin-other manufacturers may vary this angle to reduce vibration.

The V-twin is just one way to accommodate two cylinders. When the cylinders are oriented so that the pistons oppose each other, the result is an opposed-twin design. Parallel-twin engines have their pistons placed side by side in an upright position .

Today, the most popular design is the four-cylinder, which runs more smoothly and at higher revolutions per minute (rpms) than a comparable twin. The four cylinders can be placed in a row, or they can be arranged in a V-shape configuration, with two cylinders on each side of the V.

Capacity
The size of the combustion chamber in a motorcycle engine is directly related to its power output. The upper limit is about 1500 cubic centimeters (cc), while the lower limit is about 50 cc. The latter engines are usually found on small motorcycles (mopeds ) that offer 100-miles-to-the-gallon fuel economy but only reach top speeds of 30 to 35 miles per hour.


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