Zinc chloride (ZnC1 2), rod-like white, granular or powdery crystals, density 2.91 g / cm 3, a melting point of 283 deg.] C, a boiling point of 723 deg.] C, odorless, deliquescent, able to absorb moisture from the air in the melt. At present, zinc scum, zinc soot and zinc cast slag are mostly used in China's zinc chloride production. Zinc ingots or zinc oxide (containing 90% Zn0) are also used as raw materials, and the process is simple and the product quality is good. However, with the development of industry, zinc ingots and zinc oxide are in short supply. Therefore, we must find ways to expand the development of zinc chloride industry. China's rhombohedrite is rich in resources and needs to be developed and utilized. The direct use of zinc ore to produce zinc chloride is one of the ways to develop the zinc chloride industry.
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Chloride soluble in water, acidic aqueous solution; soluble in methanol, ethanol, propanol, ether and other oxygen-containing organic solvents; and dissolved in pyridine, aniline and other nitrogen-containing solvents; further having the property of dissolving a metal oxide fibers ; insoluble in liquid ammonia. The molten zinc chloride has good electrical conductivity. Zinc chloride is toxic and highly corrosive and should be stored in a sealed manner.
Zinc chloride products are used in the battery industry as electrolytes, as activators for the production of activated carbon, as solvents for polyacrylonitrile in the organic industry, as dehydrating agents and condensing agents for organic synthesis, as a scavenger in the petroleum industry, and as a scavenger in the dye industry. The production of color stabilizers, reactive dyes and cationic dyes is used as a mordant, mercerizing agent and sizing agent in the printing and dyeing industry. In addition, it is also used in industrial sectors such as paper making, wood anticorrosion, medicine, textile, electric welding, electroplating, and pigments.
The production process of zinc chloride is shown in the figure below. 
The key to producing zinc chloride from smithsonite is the high content of raw ore impurities.