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Wanxiang Electric Vehicle Co., Ltd., which has been established for more than a decade, has finally appeared in the announcement of vehicle manufacturing companies and products of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology. This means that Wanxiang Group, which spans more than 10 fields such as agricultural machinery and auto parts, will add a new identity to the vehicle manufacturer in the future.
"My generation can't make a car. My son also wants to make it." Lu Guanqi, who had high hopes to make a wish, had to turn his attention to new energy fields, even through joint ventures and mergers and acquisitions, in order to win a vehicle production qualification. The complete industrial chain layout of electric vehicles.
Although Wanxiang only obtains the qualifications of modified vehicles and can only produce passenger cars and light trucks, it is a long-cherished wish for Lu Guanqiu, the owner of Wanxiang Group, and it will be a matter of time to build cars.
However, under the circumstance that the start of the marketization of electric vehicles is extremely difficult, the insistence on the need to leapfrog from the spare parts field to the universality of the vehicle is a blueprint for the realization of Lu Guanqi's electric vehicle design, and it is still in the limelight. Not yet known.
"Universal card" vehicle
Without waiting for the next generation, Lu Guanqiu will soon be able to see the "Universal" brand electric car on the road.
On October 21, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology released the "Vehicle Production Enterprise and Product Announcement" (No. 254), and Wanxiang Group's subsidiary Wanxiang Electric Vehicle Co., Ltd. appeared in the list of new vehicle manufacturers.
Wanxiang Electric Vehicle Co., Ltd. was established in 2002. It is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Wanxiang Group and consists of three major business segments: power battery, powertrain (electronic control, automotive electronics) and vehicle engineering.
However, due to lack of vehicle production qualification, Wanxiang Electric Vehicle Company's entire vehicle business has always been “little slapstickâ€, and it only operates in Hangzhou local bus lines and the Shanghai World Expo New Energy Demonstration Park.
At present, the special vehicle production qualification obtained by Wanxiang Group refers to the production qualification of modified vehicles, which is mainly the production qualification of commercial vehicles such as passenger cars and trucks.
An employee of the Wanxiang Electric Vehicle Company, who asked not to be named, told the Economic Observer that in recent years, Wanxiang has been working hard to apply for the qualification of the entire vehicle.
"Our big boss wants to build a car. Many people know it. But this time, Wanxiang has not applied for a car. It is a special vehicle qualification. At present, the company's technology and strength can only produce passenger cars. "The employee said frankly.
Therefore, the qualification application for Wanxiang has been relatively smooth. The above-mentioned employees revealed that after the National Day, the competent departments such as the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology sent an expert group to examine and verify the case, and it appeared in the list of newly added companies of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology within 20 days.
Prior to this, the direction of Wanxiang Group into the field of vehicle manufacturing went quite tortuously. As early as around 2000, the golden age of the domestic automobile industry had just emerged, and a wave of carmakers emerged in Zhejiang's privately-owned commercial enterprises with sensitive sense of smell. In addition to Geely's successful breakthrough, Oaks, Bird, Zhongrui, and a large number of Zhejiang private enterprises are also gearing up.
According to statistics, the National Development and Reform Commission, which was in charge of project approval at that time, once received more than 40 applications from Zhejiang private enterprises for obtaining a complete vehicle production catalog, including universals. At that time, Lu Guanqiu repeatedly said to the outside world: "My dream is to one day see the "universal manufacturing" car."
To this day, Wanxiang still has not been able to open its doors to the more and more tightly approved car qualifications. However, Lu Guanqiu, who has fought for many years in the automotive parts industry, knows how deep the water in the vehicle manufacturing field is. He once told the media that he said: "I have engaged in automobile parts and components for 30 years. I don't dare to enter the whole vehicle and I don't dare to enter it.
After the ambitious laymen in the auto industry rushed into the wall and withdrew, Lu Guanqiu who did not rush into action still insisted on building a dream in his own way.
Blueprint or nightmare?
The cautious Lu Guanqi did not venture into the traditional car manufacturing field blindly, but chose the electric vehicle field. In his opinion, electric vehicles that can revolutionize the automotive industry will bring new opportunities for development, and the early action of universal can use electric vehicles to seize the commanding heights of the industry.
As early as June 1999, Wanxiang started to build an electric vehicle project team and started to develop power lithium batteries. In April 2000, the board of directors of Wanxiang Group made plans for the development of pure electric vehicles and their key components, namely the overall development of “batteries, motors, electronic control, and electric vehiclesâ€.
As the earliest private enterprise to actively participate in the research and development of electric vehicles, Wanxiang Electric Vehicle has received support from the government. In 2004, electric vehicles developed by Wanxiang began trial operation on the Hangzhou bus line. In 2006, Wanxiang also undertook the task of the State Grid to develop pure electric power service vehicles and electric power engineering vehicles.
In addition, Wanxiang is also an important member of the National 863 Program's R&D team for new energy vehicles. It has successively undertaken 8 national 863 major projects and has become the lead unit of the "pure electric vehicle" research group in the "three vertical and three horizontal" national R&D layout.
On the surface, Wanxiang is indeed moving along the established road from key components to vehicles and even cars. But on the other side of the coin, the marketization of universal electric vehicles has been difficult.
Wanxiang electric vehicle executives had disclosed on the forum that before 2010, Wanxiang pure electric vehicles had sold about 600 vehicles. As early as 2009, Lu Guanqiu also said in an interview with the media that the first 10 years of electric vehicles "had not earned a penny."
In recent years, Wanxiang has further increased its investment in electric vehicles. In April 2009, Wanxiang invested RMB 1.365 billion to build the largest and most advanced automotive battery manufacturing base in China. In May 2010, Wanxiang entered into a joint venture with Ener1 in the United States, investing more than US$300 million in the first phase and establishing a fully automated battery cell and battery system production base in Hangzhou.
Subsequently, Wanxiang signed an agreement with Smith Electric Motors in February 2012 to establish a joint venture subsidiary and plans to invest US$100 million in the production of electric commercial vehicles and school buses. In January this year, Wanxiang Group successfully acquired A123, the largest new energy battery manufacturer in the United States, for US$256.6 million. In May this year, Wanxiang Group once again united with VL Corporation of the United States and initiated a bid for A123’s main customer, Fisker Electric Vehicles.
It is roughly estimated that Wanxiang’s new electric vehicle projects and acquisitions require nearly 5 billion yuan of capital investment. Although money is not a problem for the group's total revenue of RMB 100 billion in 2012, it is an indisputable fact that it is too optimistic to estimate the pace of marketization of electric vehicles.
The data shows that from 2009 to 2012, the cumulative sales of pure electric vehicles and plug-in hybrid vehicles in China were only about 30,000.
However, it is now the beginning of a new round of opportunities. According to the new 2013-2015 new energy vehicle promotion plan, the number of foreign brands is not less than 30%. Lu Guanqiu, who has obtained the qualification of the vehicle, can finally see that the Wanxiang brand pure electric vehicle has entered the market outside of Hangzhou, but in the context of the high investment in the previous period, the electric vehicle project is still difficult to see profitability. hope.
Chen Quanshi, an electric vehicle expert and professor at Tsinghua University, believes that Wanxiang has the highest domestic investment in the field of electric vehicles, but the technology is not the most advanced. Even if the electric vehicle market starts, it may not be able to become the biggest winner.
The person in charge of a new energy vehicle project for a self-owned brand vehicle company also believes that Wanxiang lacks the experience of large-scale R&D of the entire vehicle, and even if it involves manufacturing the entire vehicle, it will not cause major impact on other electric vehicle companies.
The only consolation is that despite the fact that the electric car project has not been injected into the general tsunami of its listed companies, since 2009, the major good news of the electric car industry can often drive up the stock price of universal money.