According to reports, the traditional preparation of ammonium nitrate solution is an atmospheric kettle-type reaction, because the heat generated during the reaction can not be removed in time, so the concentration of nitric acid involved in the reaction is generally low (45% to 55%), if the use of high The concentration of nitric acid risks explosion. At the same time, the temperature of the neutralization vapor produced during the reaction in the atmospheric pressure reactor is low, and there is no value for recycling, resulting in energy loss.
In response to these problems, domestic and foreign research institutes have developed tubular reactors for the reaction of ammonia and nitric acid in recent years. The reaction process is easier to control than conventional processes, and explosions can be avoided as much as possible, and the neutralized vapor generated by the reaction can be used for heat energy recovery and utilization. In spite of this, due to the high concentration of nitric acid (56% to 62%), although the reaction materials are few, the reaction control is slightly improper and it is still prone to explosion accidents.
The invention filed by the Second Hospital of the Chinese Academy of Sciences has undergone several improvements in the pressurized tubular reaction process and control in the current ammonium nitrate production process. They first implemented real-time temperature monitoring of tubular reactors. The production process is controlled by the interlocking of the temperature and the material control valve. At the same time, the steam is quickly introduced into the reactor and the residual reactants in the reactor are cleared out of the dangerous area to avoid accidents. In addition, the invention also designs a temperature-controlled cooling system at the bottom of the reactor after the reaction, which more greatly avoids the occurrence of danger in the production process.
Patented technology ensures safe production of ammonium nitrate
China National Chemical Engineering Corporation’s second design institute of the chemical industry declared “a method for producing ammonium nitrateâ€, which recently received national invention patents. As the invention adopts multiple safety protection measures in the production process, it ensures that the production always runs in a safe state, and ammonium nitrate production has entered the safety era since then.